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Po polonium
Atomic 84 ── post_transition_metal ── Tier 2
Commercial

Polonium is commercially real only in very small isotope markets. The main industrial isotope is Po-210, which the NRC says is produced in reactors, used mainly in static eliminators, and manufactured worldwide at only about 100 grams per year. In the device supply chain, the isotope is embedded in silver-bearing or similar foil inside protective cages rather than traded as free metal. Source: `nrc_polonium_2024`.

The present U.S. catalog evidence for broader polonium commerce is DOE/NIDC's Po-209 product sheet, which offers stock material in nitric-acid solution and quotes it in microcuries. That makes polonium a clear fit for the atlas isotope-market pattern: reactor or legacy-inventory supply, radiological controls, no transparent country-share tables, and no public bulk price series. The most important commercial constraint is not ore or smelting capacity but regulatory control of source fabrication, containment, and disposal. Sources: `nidc_po209_product_2024`, `osti_static_eliminators_1999`, `nea_bi209_capture_2022`.

No production data
No reserves or end-use data
No price history

Isotope Markets (2)

Po-209

stockpile_separated
Half-life: 124.0 years
Precursor: DOE/NIDC's current product sheet lists the production route simply as "legacy material", indicating sale from existing isotope inventory rather than a continuously disclosed current production campaign. Source: `nidc_po209_product_2024`.
Delivery form: DOE/NIDC lists Po-209 in 5 M nitric acid solution with about 185 kBq (~5 microcuries) per milliliter, glass-bottle primary containment, stock availability, and microcuries as the unit of sale. Source: `nidc_po209_product_2024`.
Reporting year: 2024

Po-210

reactor_generated
Half-life: 138.4 days
Precursor: Commercial Po-210 is produced by neutron capture on Bi-209 to form Bi-210, which then decays to Po-210. The NEA's nuclear-data entry describes the route explicitly as 209Bi(n,g)210Bi followed by rapid decay into 210Po. Source: `nea_bi209_capture_2022`.
Delivery form: The NRC describes the dominant industrial form as Po-210 combined with silver or other metals in a foil mounted inside a protective cage for static elimination devices. Exempt calibration/check sources are also used at 0.1 microcurie activity. Source: `nrc_polonium_2024`.
Reporting year: 2024

Sources (4)

OECD Nuclear Energy Agency • 2022 • retrieved 2026-04-13
referenced by:feedstocks 1
U.S. Department of Energy / National Isotope Development Center • 2024 • retrieved 2026-04-13
referenced by:end_uses 1feedstocks 1
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission • 2024 • retrieved 2026-04-13
referenced by:end_uses 2isotope_markets 1
U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information • 1999 • retrieved 2026-04-13
referenced by:events 1