Supply chain footprint — snapshot year 2025
| Element | Share % | Quantity | Global rank | Confidence | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na sodium |
0.7% | 1.9 million tonnes per year | 23rd | high | USGS MCS 2025 table: Italy 2024e = 1,900 thousand metric tons. |
| Ca calcium |
0.6% | 2.4 million tonnes per year | 12th | high | USGS MCS 2025 table: Italy 2024e = 2,400 thousand metric tons (includes hydraulic lime). |
| Element | Share % | Quantity | Global rank | Confidence | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pd palladium |
8.0% | — | 3rd | medium | Italy 2020-23: cited as 8% of US Pd imports per USGS MCS 2025 import sources table. Chimet SpA (Arezzo) is Italy's prima… byproduct of Cu, Ni |
No attributed data for this stage.